refugees

Two refugee children pose for the photographer before crates of supplies. At the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

Chinese refugees at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

Chinese refugee waits with a bucket for hot water to drip from a steam train engine at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

Chinese refugees shelter from the hot sun under paper umbrellas at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

A Chinese refugee has made a tenuous and dangerous bed on the framework hanging below at train car. At the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

Exhausted and overheated Chinese refugees at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

People transporting possessions in Guilin during WWII, possibly in preparation to fleeing in the face of the Japanese Ichigo campaign.

A small child plays at a charcoal hearth in China during WWII. These might be refugees at Liuzhou.

In the midst of calamity, a refugee mother tenderly washes her baby next to the train at the Liuzhou railway station in the fall of 1944.

Refugees and Nationalist soldiers flee Guilin and arrive near Liuzhou, in the face of the Japanese Ichigo campaign in the summer/fall of 1944.